Particles choke air, activity in California valley

FRESNO, Calif. - On bad-air days in the Central Valley, school officials regularly hoist red flags to warn parents and pupils that being outside is officially deemed “unhealthful for all groups.”


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This winter, the most polluted on record, schools have not raised only red flags: On several days, they have had to send out notices saying the air is “very unhealthful,” a circumstance calling for them to raise purple flags - if only they had them. Such warnings have been be so rare that most don’t even have the flags for the most extreme conditions.

From Stockton to Bakersfield, a haze of chemical-laced particles has tinted the air a rusty gray all winter.

In the evenings there’s a charcoal stripe across the horizon.

The Sierra Nevada mountain range hasn’t been visible for more than a month.

A high-pressure ridge, 4 miles high, sits off the West Coast, blocking Pacific storms from cleaning the air in the Central Valley.

Pollution levels have spiked across California, but nowhere is it as bad as in this agricultural region.

With no rain since Dec. 7, fine particles that can embed in lungs and enter the bloodstream build up in an ever-darkening sky.

When Kellie Townsend returned from her Christmas vacation at the coast, she knew right away something was wrong.

“As soon as I drove into the valley, I could feel a burning in my throat,” she said.

Townsend, who works in the earth and environmental sciences program at California State University, Fresno, heeded air board warnings to stay inside.

Her neighbors seemed to do the same. The only people she saw out were gardeners with leafblowers.

For exercise there was her Lindy Hop dance class. One weekend she went to the mountains for a dose of fresh air.

But after three weeks, on a recent balmy day, the 42-year-old returned to running up and down hills near a walking trail. She purposelyd idn’t check the air rating - which was a red alert with about three times the amount of fine particles found in air considered healthful.

“I’m scared. I can feel that something isn’t right. I can feel the tightness in my chest,” she said. “But I get tense when I’m inside too long. I told my husband, ‘My head feels chaotic inside.’ I know what will happen - I will be coughing tonight. Maybe the damage is long term. But what do I do?”

People who live in the Central Valley are used to bad air. Surrounded by mountains on three sides, home to industrial agriculture and oil fields, and with most of the state’s long-distance big-rig traffic driving through on Interstate 5 and California 99, the region historically has had some of the worst pollution in the nation.

Warnings about spikes usually go out in the summer and are directed at sensitive groups: children, older people and those with respiratory problems in a region where the asthma rate is three times higher than the national average.

Now the amount of fine particles - known as PM-2.5 - in the air is so high that a new group is affected: outdoorsy adults with no health problems. On many days, the air district, tracking hourly readings, sends out an alert: “Real Time Activity Risk Warning.”

As the weeks stretch on, people are ignoring the warnings.

On the banks of the San Joaquin River, Sharon and John North watched their 8-year-old son and 6-year old daughter play beside the water.

“Essentially we’re committing child abuse by taking them outside,” John North said wryly.

Sharon North said she and her son both had asthma and would have trouble breathing later in the evening.

“Kids need good food, good sleep and to be outside. What do you do when one of the foundations is taken away from you?” she asked. “Basically, we go outside knowing it’s going to shave some time off our lives.

“Sometimes you choose your soul.”

Front Section, Pages 11 on 02/02/2014

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