NEW YORK - Investors concerned about the possibility of rising interest rates sent stocks and gold prices lower Wednesday and bond yields sharply higher.
The Dow Jones industrial average fell 114.02 points, or 0.7 percent, to 16,222.17. The Dow fell as much as 209 points before erasing some of its loss.
The Standard & Poor’s 500 index dropped 11.48 points, or 0.6 percent, to 1,860.77 and the Nasdaq composite lost 25.71 points, or 0.6 percent, to 4,307.60.
The Federal Reserve voted to cut its monthly bond purchases from $65 billion to $55 billion, in line with what analysts were expecting. Despite severe winter weather in January and February, the Fed said the economy had recovered enough for it to continue reducing the bond buys, which are aimed at keeping long-term interest rates low.
The Fed also said the vast majority of its policymakers believed it would be appropriate for the central bank to raise short-term interest rates starting in 2015. The federal funds rate, traditionally the Fed’s main tool for regulating the health of the economy, has been near zero since 2008.
“We think they are acknowledging for the first time that short-term rates will rise in the future,” Chris Rupkey, chief financial economist with Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, wrote in an email to clients. “And that future is not that far away. A normal economy will need a normal interest rate.”
Traders were also confused after newly appointed Fed Chairman Janet Yellen implied that the Fed’s time frame for raising interest rates was closer to the first half of 2015, sooner than many had expected. A decline in stock and bond prices steepened after she made her comments.
Whether Yellen meant to say that interest rates would rise in early 2015 didn’t matter, the market took Yellen at her word, strategists said.
“It creates a haze of uncertainty,” said Andres Garcia-Amaya, global market strategist with J.P. Morgan Funds. “As we get closer to 2015, we should expect more volatility like this.”
The reaction to Yellen’s remarks and the Fed’s announcements was far more noticeable in the bond market.
The yield of the 10-year U.S. Treasury note, a benchmark for many kinds of loans including mortgages, rose to 2.77 percent from 2.67 percent Tuesday, a large move. The sell-off was even more pronounced in two-year and five-year Treasury notes. The yield on the two-year note jumped to 0.42 percent from 0.35 percent and the five-year note’s yield rose to 1.7 percent from 1.54 percent.
The U.S. dollar had its biggest one-day gain since August and gold had its worst day since December. In after-hours trading, gold was down $28.20, or 2 percent, to $1,330.80 an ounce.
Financial stocks did better than the rest of the market. Citigroup rose 80 cents, or 1.7 percent, to $48.94 and Bank of America rose 25 cents, or 1.5 percent, to $17.44. Banks, in particular big commercial lenders such as Citi, benefit from higher interest rates because they can charge more for loans and credit card balances.
Business, Pages 28 on 03/20/2014