DETROIT -- Top officials from the UAW union and General Motors were all smiles Monday as they officially kicked off contract talks and promised to work together even as sharp differences percolate just beneath the surface.
The ceremonial handshakes will be repeated today with Fiat Chrysler and with Ford on July 23.
This year, the union wants to win wage increases for autoworkers after years of rising sales and profits among U.S. automakers. The manufacturers will want to hold down labor costs so they can remain competitive with Asian and German rivals.
Those opposing goals potentially put the union and the companies on a collision course despite a desire by both sides to resolve their differences.
UAW President Dennis Williams said entry-level workers hired under a two-tier wage structure adopted in 2007 do not earn enough to be considered "middle class in the way they should be," and he reiterated the UAW's goal to close the pay gap with those hired before 2007.
For those hired after 2007, the 2011 contracts lifted their hourly pay from $15.78 to $19.28 per hour. Those hired before 2007 are still making $28.50 if they work on the line and about $33 if they are in skilled trades, such as electricians, pipe fitters or carpenters.
"These negotiations will not be easy. But they are no more difficult than those we've had in the past," Williams said. "We have a membership that has, because of the economy, had stagnant wages, and we plan to address that. We all plan to bridge that gap."
Most members of both negotiating teams wore khaki pants and matching blue dress shirts with the GM and UAW logos side-by-side in a symbol of unity.
GM Chief Executive Officer Mary Barra said she has confidence that the parties will reach a new contract that will be good for both the company and its employees.
"For long-term job security, the company has to do well and we have to be able to reinvest in new products," Barra said.
The UAW and U.S. automakers have made progress in recent contract talks to lower automakers' overall labor costs from $78 per hour to $54 per hour for wages and benefits, according to the Center for Automotive Research. Fiat Chrysler is now equal to the German and Asian automakers' U.S. plants ($47 an hour including wages and benefits), while General Motors and Ford are slightly higher.
"We recognize that the competition is intense and it will only get more intense, that we will face many challenges," Barra said. "But I believe we can deliver an agreement that will benefit the business and our employees."
The four-year contracts between the UAW and the automakers expire at midnight Sept. 14.
One of the issues hanging over the discussions is the rapidly increasing investment by all three companies in Mexico to take advantage of lower labor rates and Mexico's free-trade deals with other countries.
Ford recently announced it will move production of the Ford Focus and C-Max out of the U.S. in 2018 and cease production at a Detroit-area assembly plant.
Williams declined to comment directly when asked about Ford's decision, but he did say, "It's always concerning to me when any corporation invests outside of the U.S."
Barra was asked whether GM can still produce a small car profitably in the U.S.
"We have some very important small cars such as the Chevrolet Sonic and others built at the Lake Orion plant. We have no plans to change that," Barra said, referring to a Michigan plant. "We don't talk about individual car line profitability."
Williams also noted that this year will be the first since 2007 that the UAW has the right to strike, but he said that changes little about the way the union will approach negotiations.
In 2009, when GM and Chrysler went through Chapter 11 bankruptcies, the union agreed to give up its right to strike until this year.
"To me a strike is failure," Williams said. "I am not afraid of confrontation, but I don't want one and our members don't want one."
Business on 07/14/2015