VATICAN CITY -- Revelations that a prominent U.S. cardinal sexually abused and harassed his adult seminarians have exposed an egregious abuse of power that has shocked Catholics on both sides of the Atlantic. But the Vatican has long been aware of its heterosexual equivalent -- the sexual abuse of nuns by priests and bishops -- and done little to stop it, an Associated Press analysis has found.
An examination by the Associated Press shows that cases of abused nuns have emerged in Europe, Africa, South America and Asia, demonstrating that the problem is global and pervasive, thanks to the nuns' second-class status in the church and their ingrained subservience to the men who run it.
Yet some nuns are now finding their voices, buoyed by the #MeToo movement and the growing recognition that even adults can be victims of sexual abuse when there is an imbalance of power in a relationship. The nuns are going public in part to denounce years of inaction by church leaders, even after major studies on the problem in Africa were reported to the Vatican in the 1990s.
"It opened a great wound inside of me," one nun said. "I pretended it didn't happen."
Wearing a full religious habit and clutching her rosary, the woman broke nearly two decades of silence to tell about the moment in 2000 when the priest to whom she was confessing her sins forced himself on her, mid-sacrament.
The assault -- and a subsequent advance by a different priest a year later -- led her to stop going to confession with any priest other than her spiritual father, who lives in a different country.
The extent of the abuse of nuns is unclear, at least outside the Vatican. However, this week, about half a dozen sisters in a small religious congregation in Chile went public on national television with their stories of abuse by priests and other nuns -- and how their superiors did nothing to stop it.
A nun in India recently filed a formal police complaint accusing a bishop of rape, something that would have been unthinkable even a year ago. And cases in Africa have come up periodically; in 2013, for example, a well-known priest in Uganda wrote a letter to his superiors that mentioned "priests romantically involved with religious sisters" -- for which he was promptly suspended from the church until he apologized in May.
"I am so sad that it took so long for this to come into the open, because there were reports long ago," said Karlijn Demasure, one of the church's leading experts on clergy sexual abuse and abuse of power.
The Vatican declined to comment on what measures, if any, it has taken to assess the scope of the problem globally, or to punish offenders and care for victims. A Vatican official said it is up to local church leaders to sanction priests who sexually abuse nuns.
The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because he wasn't authorized to speak on the issue, said the church has focused much of its attention on protecting children, but that vulnerable adults "deserve the same protection."
The reports in the 1990s were prepared by members of religious orders for top church officials. In 1994, the late Sister Maura O'Donohue wrote about a six-year, 23-nation survey, in which she learned of 29 nuns who had been impregnated in a single congregation.
Nuns, she reported, were considered "safe" sexual partners for priests fearing infection with HIV from prostitutes or other women.
The reports were never meant to be made public, but the U.S. National Catholic Reporter put them online in 2001. To date, the Vatican hasn't said what, if anything, it ever did with the information.
A Section on 07/28/2018