WILMINGTON, Del. -- With in-person campaigning largely suspended because of the coronavirus, a parade of movie and TV stars, pop icons and sports standouts are proving crucial in helping Joe Biden raise money and energize supporters as campaign surrogates.
Events this week with celebrities and advocates including actress Alyssa Milano are serving as counterprogramming to the Republican National Convention.
"We're just flooding the zone as much as possible," said Michelle Kwan, Biden's surrogate director and an Olympic silver and bronze medalist figure skater who held a similar post for Hillary Clinton in 2016. "Our artists and actors who are surrogates, they tend to be at home, so their availability and their schedule has opened up [and] they're willing to do more things."
Biden's campaign now has a team of 15 staffers dedicated to organizing surrogate activities.
Republicans point to the events as evidence that Biden and his running mate, Sen. Kamala Harris of California, are closer to Hollywood than the heartland. Speaking at the Republican convention this week, party Chairwoman Ronna McDaniel noted that actress Eva Longoria, known for her role on "Desperate Housewives," moderated one night of last week's Democratic convention.
"Well, I'm actually a real housewife and a mom from Michigan with two wonderful kids in public school who happens to be only the second woman in 164 years to run the Republican Party," McDaniel said.
Still, Biden has gone beyond celebrities in search of campaign surrogates. He's enlisted the help of nearly all of the 20-plus Democrats he beat during the primary. And former President Barack Obama has taken a more aggressive role in supporting his former vice president.
The campaign often pairs celebrities with lesser-known officials from all levels of government to make personalized pitches to voters, especially when Biden himself isn't able to attend an event.
Milano has appeared with former Labor Secretary Hilda Solis, and actors such as Connie Britton held an online event with former Obama administration official Valerie Jarrett, while Don Cheadle hosted a youth activist forum.
Other times, it is elected officials carrying online events alone: Former Interior Secretary Ken Salazar addressed Hispanics in New Mexico, and former Secretary of State John Kerry took his New England appeal to Maine voters. Such events now come multiple times per week -- often when Biden himself is only doing a single, separate fundraiser or two in the meantime.
The campaign also holds events partnering some of its staffers with celebrities so discussions on policy reach audiences that may not be closely following the presidential race, deliberately blurring the line between pop culture and politics even more.
"We're introducing our campaign to their followers who might not always be involved with the campaign," said Adrienne Elrod, a Clinton 2016 spokeswoman who is now Biden's director of surrogate strategy and operations.
Biden's team distributes a one-page list of virtual event guidelines, with tips including making sure Wi-Fi is working correctly and that no one in the house sucks up bandwidth during showtime. Such preparations can't prevent everything. Just as actor Forest Whitaker was introducing Biden at a virtual event in June, an Amber alert shrieked from his phone.
Star appeal doesn't always translate to votes. Clinton's unsuccessful presidential bid was endorsed by celebrities such as singer Lady Gaga, actress Lena Dunham and NBA star LeBron James. Clinton failed to win Pennsylvania, despite a Philadelphia rally on Election Day eve featuring the Obamas and singers Bruce Springsteen and Jon Bon Jovi.
University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire political science professor Eric T. Kasper compared celebrity endorsements to yard signs, saying they are unlikely to sway a race but are effective at getting people talking. Stars can generate candidate buzz, help with fundraising and build campaign event crowds -- even for those online.
"You have this national audience as a presidential candidate you're trying to seek favor from," said Kasper, who has researched the intersection of politics and popular culture. "It's much more difficult to connect in terms of retail politics, especially in a general election, on a nationwide scale."
President Donald Trump used his personal celebrity to build hype for his 2016 bid. His reelection campaign has been holding its own online events with top supporters nearly every night for months and says those events average 2.6 million views per broadcast. A similar roster is dominating this week's convention.
"Enthusiasm for Joe Biden simply does not exist," said Trump reelection campaign spokeswoman Courtney Parella, "and no celebrity he hides behind will fix that problem."