Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said the central bank is "carefully monitoring" downside risks to U.S. growth and "will act as appropriate to sustain the expansion," reiterating concerns last week that cemented expectations for an interest-rate cut later this month.
"Uncertainties about this outlook have increased, however, particularly regarding trade developments and global growth," Powell told a dinner audience Tuesday at the Bank of France in Paris, referring to the Fed's baseline scenario for growth to "remain solid." Federal Open Market Committee participants "have also raised concerns about a more prolonged shortfall in inflation below our 2% target," he said.
Powell's remarks closely resembled his July 10-11 testimony to U.S. lawmakers and continue to support the case to lower rates when the Fed meets in two weeks as business uncertainties simmer over President Donald Trump's trade policies and slower global growth.
U.S. stocks initially trimmed losses after Powell's remarks before sinking again to end lower after Trump said he could impose more tariffs on China. Earlier in the day traders reacted to better-than-expected economic data and comments by Trump about trade tensions with China. Ten-year U.S. Treasury note yields were trading around 2.11% in New York at 4:30 p.m., down from 2.14% shortly before Powell's speech was released.
Investors expect a quarter-point cut at the Fed's July 30-31 gathering, according to pricing in interest-rate futures, and the debate has moved on to whether officials could ease by a more aggressive, half-percentage point.
The event in Paris celebrates the 75th anniversary of the Bretton Woods conference that led to the creation of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund.
Powell spoke broadly about the importance of international linkages among economies and their common challenges. He specifically focused on low rates of inflation and low interest rates, which are likely to hit zero again the next time central banks need to stimulate their economies.
"This proximity to the lower bound poses new complications for central banks and calls for new ideas," Powell said, suggesting that central banks should look beyond unconventional tools such as bond buying and forward guidance used in the last crisis. "We must continue to assess additional strategies and tools to bolster our economies and meet our inflation and employment mandates."
The Fed is engaged in a yearlong review of strategies such as average inflation targeting, where a central bank runs inflation at slightly higher levels than its goal to make up for periods when it was too low. The exercise has included a number of public events around the country to hear from representatives of the labor, business and low-income communities about the economy and monetary policy.
The Fed mostly has missed its 2% inflation target since it adopted that goal in 2012.
Powell also noted in his remarks that demand for accountability and transparency are higher after the financial crisis. The Fed chairman has been persistently attacked by Trump for his policies.
"Our audience has become more varied, more attuned to our actions, and less trusting of public institutions," Powell said. "Central banks must speak to Main Street, as well as Wall Street, in ways we have not in the past, and Main Street is listening and engaged."
Business on 07/17/2019