NEW YORK -- A New York appeals court on Monday agreed to hold off collection of former President Donald Trump's more than $454 million civil fraud judgment if he puts up $175 million within 10 days.
If Trump does, it will stop the clock on collection and prevent the state from seizing the presumptive Republican presidential nominee's assets while he appeals. The appeals court also halted other aspects of a trial judge's ruling that had barred Trump and his sons Eric Trump and Donald Trump Jr., the family company's executive vice presidents, from serving in corporate leadership for several years.
The appeal in the case could take months or longer to resolve.
In all, the order was a significant victory for the former president as he defends the real estate empire that vaulted him into public life. The development came just before New York Attorney General Letitia James, a Democrat, was expected to initiate efforts to collect the judgment.
Trump has 10 days to secure the bond, and two people with knowledge of his finances said he should be able to, though doing so will effectively drain much of his cash. To obtain the bond -- a promise from an outside company that it will cover his judgment if he ultimately loses the appeal and cannot pay -- Trump will have to pay the company a fee and pledge about $200 million in cash and other investments as collateral.
Trump, who was attending a separate hearing in his criminal hush money case in New York, hailed the ruling and said he would post a bond, securities or cash to cover the $175 million sum in the civil case. Speaking in a courthouse hallway, Trump revisited his oft-stated complaints about civil trial Judge Arthur Engoron and the penalty he imposed.
"What he's done is such a disservice and should never be allowed to happen again," said Trump, who argues that the fraud case is discouraging business in New York.
James' office, meanwhile, noted that the judgment still stands, even if collection is paused.
"Donald Trump is still facing accountability for his staggering fraud," the office said in a statement.
Trump's lawyers had pleaded for a state appeals court to halt collection, claiming it was "a practical impossibility" to get an underwriter to sign off on a bond for such a large sum, which grows daily because of interest. The Trump attorneys had earlier proposed a $100 million bond, but an appellate judge had said no late last month.
Monday's ruling came from a five-judge panel in the state's intermediate appeals court, called the Appellate Division, where Trump is fighting to overturn Engoron's Feb. 16 decision. Trump attorneys Alina Habba and Christopher Kise characterized Monday's ruling as a key first step.
While the court did not rule directly on the merits of Trump's appeal, its ruling suggests that some of the judges could be sympathetic to Trump's case, legal experts said. The $175 million bond is roughly the amount Trump's lawyers had argued was the maximum penalty he could have possibly owed, a potential sign that the court believes the $454 million judgment was too steep.
After Monday's hearing, Trump held a news conference at 40 Wall St., a crucial property in his portfolio and one that James signaled her intent to seize if Trump did not post bond.
Trump once again made broad assertions that the legal system was being weaponized by his political opponents, accusing James, Engoron and the prosecutors in his criminal cases of trying to "take as much of his money as possible."
Siding with the attorney general after a monthslong civil trial, Engoron found that Trump, his company and top executives lied about his wealth on financial statements, conning bankers and insurers who did business with him. The statements valued Trump's penthouse for years as though it were nearly three times its actual size, for example.
Trump and his co-defendants denied any wrongdoing, saying the statements actually lowballed his fortune, came with disclaimers and weren't taken at face value by the institutions that lent to or insured him. The penthouse discrepancy, he said, was simply a mistake made by subordinates.
Engoron ordered Trump to pay $355 million, plus interest. The judgment reflected the interest payments Trump saved by misleading his lenders, as well as profits from the recent sale of two properties.
Some co-defendants, including Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump, were ordered to pay far smaller amounts. Monday's ruling also puts those on hold if the $175 million bond is posted.
After James won the judgment, she didn't seek to enforce it during a legal timeout for Trump to ask the appeals court for a reprieve from paying up.
That period ended Monday, though James could have decided to allow Trump more time.
James told ABC News last month that if Trump doesn't have the money to pay, she would seek to seize his assets. She didn't detail the process or specify what holdings she meant, and her office has declined more recently to discuss its plans. Meanwhile, the office has filed notice of the judgment, a technical step toward potentially moving to collect.
Trump maintained on social media Friday that he has almost $500 million in cash, but he said at a news conference Monday that he'd like to be able to use some on his presidential run. He asserted that James and Engoron, who's also a Democrat, "don't want me taking cash out to use it for the campaign."
If the penalty is ultimately upheld, the attorney general could go after Trump's bank and investment accounts. There's also the possibility of going through a legal process to seize properties such as his Trump Tower penthouse, aircraft, Wall Street office building or golf courses and then seeking to sell them.
But that could be complicated in Trump's case.
"Finding buyers for assets of this magnitude is something that doesn't happen overnight," noted Stewart Sterk, a real estate law professor at Cardozo School of Law.
Under New York law, filing an appeal generally doesn't hold off enforcement of a judgment, but there's an automatic pause if the person or entity posts a bond covering what's owed.
Many defendants are able to get such a bond, but "judgments of this size are rare," said Joshua Naftalis, a former federal prosecutor now in private practice.
"What makes this one unusual is someone who is subject to an enormous amount of money and has to come up with it himself," Naftalis said.
The ex-president's lawyers have said underwriters wanted 120% of the judgment and wouldn't accept real estate as collateral. That would mean tying up more than $557 million in cash, stocks and other liquid assets, and Trump's company needs some left over to run the business, his attorneys have said.
Much of Trump's wealth is tied up in the value of his real estate. A recent New York Times analysis found that Trump had more than $350 million in cash as well as stocks and bonds.
He did, however, have enough collateral to recently post a $91.6 million bond in the defamation case he lost to E. Jean Carroll. And he appears to have enough to secure a $175 million bond in the case brought by James.
They asked an appeals court to freeze collection without his posting a bond. The attorney general's office objected, saying he hadn't explored every option for covering the amount.
The appeals court "chose a middle ground" by still requiring Trump to put up money but lowering the amount, Naftalis said.
Information for this article was contributed by Jennifer Peltz, Michael R. Sisak and Larry Neumeister of The Associated Press and by Ben Protess and William K. Rashbaum of The New York Times.
FILE - New York Attorney General Letitia James speaks during a press briefing, Feb. 16, 2024, in New York. Republican presidential candidate former President Donald Trump could find out Monday, March 25, how New York state aims to collect over $457 million he owes in his civil business fraud case, even as he appeals the verdict that led to the gargantuan debt. After James won the judgment, she didn't seek to enforce it during a legal time-out for Trump to ask an appeals court for a reprieve from paying up. (AP Photo/Bebeto Matthews, File)